hyperechoic - structures that return greater echoes of sound waves and appear bright white on a sonogram.gel couplant - gel used in an ultrasound scan functions as the medium through which sound energy is transmitted between the transducer and the patient's skin. Doppler ultrasound - procedure named after physicist Christan Doppler in which sound waves bounce off circulating red cells to measure blood flow often used to detect the heartbeat of a fetus.Doppler shift/Doppler effect - change in frequency as the transducer moves away from the source of the sound echoes.distal position - away from the point of origin or trunk.coronal scanning plane - the ultrasound beam enters the body from the lateral (right or left) direction.color flow Doppler - Doppler scan that measures blood flow by attributing color to different velocities of movement.B-mode (or brightness modulation) - an imaging technique that focuses on the brightness of the echo, not the amplitude spikes (such as in a typical 2D ultrasound).axial (or longitudinal) resolution - minimum distance between two reflectors along the ultrasound beam direction.attenuation - the tendency for ultrasound waves to decrease as they travel through tissues.anterior (or ventral) position - in front.anechoic structure - body chamber without echoes fluid-filled structures that appear black on the sonogram.aliasing phenomenon - imaging error that occurs in color flow Doppler and pulsed wave Doppler scans sampling rate is insufficient to record direction and velocity.acoustic shadowing - area in which sound waves encounter a dense structure, such as a tumor or fetus, and all waves are reflected.acoustic enhancement (or posterior enhancement) - the ability for sound waves to travel without return echoes because an anechoic space is full of fluid (such as cysts or the bladder), creating a black space in the sonogram.A-mode (or amplitude modulation) - an imaging technique that focuses on the different heights of amplitude spikes (such as in a heartbeat monitor).Learn the definitions for some of the keywords and phrases. There is an abundance of ultrasound and medical terminology used during the ultrasound process.
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